Showing posts with label luther. Show all posts
Showing posts with label luther. Show all posts

05 April 2025

Mitten wir im Leben sind

For my next “new” hymn translation, I re-translated “Mitten wir im Leben sind” (M. Luther, 1524), of which stanza 3 was quoted in Lochner’s Passion-book for Devotion 34 (“Judas Comes to a Horrible End”). The reason for this re-translation is that the composite translate in TLH, and hence its alteration in LSB, is copryight © 1941 Concordia Publishing House. To avoid extraneous expense I created a new rendering, using the opportunity to bring out some other aspects of the German original not in that (nor to some extent in L. W. Bacon’s). For instance, in this version I preserve the original rhyme-scheme, which did not rhyme lines 1 and 3, but did rhyme (such as it may be) lines 11 and 13.

Mel.: Mitten wir im Leben sind
 


IN the midst of life we men
  Are by death surrounded;
From whom shall we seek for help
  And find grace unbounded?
From Thee, O Lord, Thee only!
We rue our great iniquity,
Which, O Lord, hath angered Thee.
O holy Lord, our God,
O holy, mighty God,
O holy and merciful Savior,
  Forever true God.
In death’s bitter torment
  Keep us, that we waver not!
Kyrieleison!

2 In the midst of death, hell’s jaws
  Fight us and accuse us.
Who from such a dire distress
  Will release and loose us?
Thou dost, O Lord, Thou only!
Thy heart of mercy mourns to see
Our lament and agony.
O holy Lord, our God,
O holy, mighty God,
O holy and merciful Savior,
  Forever true God.
Let us not gaze hopeless
  At hell’s flames so deep and broad,
Kyrieleison!

3 In the midst of hellish fear,
  Chased by sins impelling,
Whither shall we flee away,
  And be safely dwelling?
To Thee, Lord Christ, Thee only!
  For Thy most precious blood, once shed,
  Satisfaction for us made.
O holy Lord, our God,
O holy, mighty God,
O holy and merciful Savior:
  Forever true God!
Let us not abandon
  This, faith’s balm and sure abode.
Kyrieleison!

Translation © 2025 Matthew Carver.

GERMAN
Mitten wir im Leben sein,
mit dem Tod umfangen,
wen suchen wir der Hilf thu,
daß wir Gnad erlangen?
Das bist du, Herr, alleine.
Uns reuet unser Missethat,
die dich, Herr, erzürnet hat.
Heiliger Herre Gott,
Heiliger starker Gott,
Heiliger barmherziger Heiland,
du ewiger Gott,
laß uns nit versinken
in des bittern Todes Noth,
Kyrieleison.

2 Mitten in dem Tod anficht
uns der Hellen Rachen,
wer will uns aus solcher Noth
frei und ledig machen?
Das thust du, Herr, alleine.
Es jammert dein Barmherzigkeit
unser Klag und großes Leid.
Heiliger Herre Gott,
Heiliger starker Gott,
Heiliger barmherziger Heiland,
du ewiger Gott,
laß uns nit verzagen
vor der tiefen Hellen Glut,
Kyrieleison.

3 Mitten in der Hellen Angst
unser Sünd uns treiben;
wo solln wir dann fliehen hin,
da wir mögen bleiben?
Zu dir, Herr Christ, alleine,
vergossen hast dein theures Blut,
das gnug für die Sünde thut.
Heiliger Herre Gott,
Heiliger starker Gott,
Heiliger barmherziger Heiland,
du ewiger Gott,
laß uns nit empfallen
von des rechten Glaubens Trost,
Kyrieleison.

09 March 2025

Nun fürchtet Gott, gebt ihm die Ehr

 Canticle CIX. The Angel’s Song of Exhortation, Rev. 14.


Mel.: Vom Himmel hoch da komm ich her.
 


FEAR God, and give Him glory due,
His hour of judgment comes to you,
So worship Him, and praise the worth
Of Him who made the heav’ns and earth!

Text: C. Spangenberg, 1582.
Translation © 2025 Matthew Carver.


GERMAN
Nun fürchtet Gott, gebt ihm die Ehr,
denn die Zeit seins Gerichts kommt her,
drum betet an, ehrt mit der That,
denn der all Ding gemachet hat.

15 July 2023

Ach Herr Gott, handle nicht

Here is my proposal for adapting the German Tract “Ach Herr Gott, handle nicht” (“Domine non secundum”) as found in ELGB #270 (and the Latin #271), with indication of “proper melody,” a setting first appearing, evidently, in the Pomeranian Church Order—a source of which Grabau makes occasional use. He adds the note “To be sung at Matins and Vespers in Rogation Week, in times of need, and often otherwise.” Since the German is mostly straight from Scripture (Psalm 103:10, alt.; 79:8–9) as modified in the Latin basis, it seems ideal to adapt the music to the text rather than the other way around; and that text we have, almost entirely, in the Lutheran Hymnal 1941 tradition, with the omission of the last half-verse, which I restore in my proposal here. The setting is found in Schöberlein’s Schatz, from which the general melodic contour and rhythm should be to applied the Authorized Version by a competent musician. From my own amateur attempt (of which I will spare myself the embarrassment of publishing) to outline such an adaptation in the melody line only, it certainly seems possible, especially if some musical phrases are permitted to be shortened or simplified.




O LORD, deal not with us after our sins:
nor reward us according to our iniquities.

2 O LORD, remember not against us former iniquities:
let Thy tender mercies speedily come to us, for we are brought very low.

3 Help us, O God of our salvation for the glory of Thy Name:
and deliver us, and purge away our sins, for Thy name’s sake.

GERMAN

1 Ach Herr Gott! handle nicht mit uns nach unser Sünden,
und vergilt uns nicht nach der Größe unserer Missethat.

2 Ach Herr Gott! gedenke nicht unserer vorigen Missethat.
Erbarm' Dich unser balde, denn wir sind elende geworden.

3 Hilf Du uns, Gott, unser Heiland, um Deines Namen Ehre willen.
Herr, errette uns und vergieb uns unser' Sünde um Deines Namens willen.

LATIN

1 Domine! non secundum peccata nostra facias nobis,
neque secundum iniquitates nostras retribuas nobis.

2 Domine! ne memineris iniquitatum nostrarum antiquarum.
Cito anticipent nos misericordiae tuae, quia pauperes facti sumus nimis.

3 Adjuva nos Deus, salutaris noster, et propter gloriam nominis tui,
Domine, libera nos et propitius esto peccatis nostria propter nomen tuum.

 

28 April 2023

Im Fried bin ich dahin gefahrn

Here is my translation of the epitaph, “Im Friend bin ich dahin gefahrn” (Luther, 1542), Ev.-luth. Gsb #680, from the author’s book of epitaphs and funeral music, Christliche Geseng Lateinisch und Deudsch, zum Begrebnis (Wittenberg, 1542) (a translation of the whole booklet is found here), in which he calls for the use of such epitaphs on Christian graves. As Fischer notes under entry “In meim Elend war dies mein Trost,” this and other epitaphs suggested here by Luthere were later set to music in certain hymnals, such as Nuremberg 1561. The Wisconsin hymnal appoints the melody “Vater unser.”

 



I HAVE gone forth in peace serene,
For these my eyes have truly seen
Thy Savior, Lord, prepared by Thee,
The light of Christians all to be.
Meanwhile I here at rest remain
Until my Lord shall come again.

Translation © 2023 Matthew Carver.

GERMAN
Im Fried bin ich dahin gefahrn,
denn meine Augen gesehn habn
dein Heiland, Herr, von dir bereit
zum Licht der ganzen Christenheit.
Indes ruh ich in dieser Gruft
bis auf mein's Herren Wiederkunft.

30 July 2022

Herr unser Gott, dich loben wir

Here is my translation of the praise hymn “Herr unser Gott, dich loben wir” (asc. Burchard Wiesenmayer, fl. 17th c.), a metrical Te Deum, described by the titles (e.g. “The Te Deum put into better meter”) accompanying it in various hymnals, as a revision of Luther’s Te Deum (“Herr Gott, dich loben wir”) accomodated to unison singing (rather than antiphonal) to a standard LM melody. In my translation from the German, I have used Richard Massie’s translation in certain places where it seemed fitting, just as the German text is evidently based on Luther’s rendering in many passages, though adaptation to LM has generally required more syllables to be added. While Wiesenmayer (whose hymns esp. the morning hymn “Wie schön leucht uns der Morgenstern”) seems, from his association with Crüger, to have been Lutheran and is given, on the ultimate basis of the Elberfelder Hymnal, by Emigrated Lutheran Church of Prussia as the author, that group must have received the hymn through Unionist materials drawing from the Elberfelder Hymnal (such as Neuestes Gemeinschaftliches Gesangbuch…) and retained it because of its usefulness. The Pennsylvania Ministerium hymnal similarly attributes the hymn to the Elberfelder Hymnal. In the earliest hymnal in which it is found by the translator, the Lippstadt Reformed hymnal of 1738 (Neu-verbessertes Kirchen-Gesangbuch…), it is without author and set to a melody for “Psalm 100”—not that of Geneva, called in English “Old Hundredth” (in German: “Herr Gott, dich loben alle wir” or sometimes “Herr Jesu Christ, dich zu uns wend”) but that melody used by the Reformed in Northern Germany in the 18th century. In the Wisconsin Synod hymnal, it is appointed to be sung to the melody “Vom Himmel hoch da komm ich her,” presumably that version most common in contemporary sources.




O LORD our God, Thy praise we sing!
Great God, our thanks to Thee we bring;
God, Father from eternity!
The whole wide world doth worship Thee,

2 All angels and the heavn’ly host
And all that of Thy glory boast,
The Cherubim and Seraphim
Sing ever with glad voice this hymn:

3 “Most holy is the Lord our God,
Jehovah, Lord of Sabaoth!
Yea, Holy, Holy, Holy One
Jehovah, Father, Spirit, Son!

4 Thy glory, pow’r, and majesty
Fill heav’n and earth abundantly;
The holy Apostolic band
And prophets all together stand

5 And with the noble martyrs raise
Their voice to Thee in hymns of praise.
All Christendom with one accord
Throughout the world owns Thee as Lord—

6 Thee, Father, on the highest throne,
And Christ, Thy one begotten Son,
The Holy Ghost, the Comforter,
With equal praise are hailed by her.

7 O Jesus Christ, Thou King most high,
The Father’s Son eternally;
The Master, Thou becam’st a slave,
And Man wast made, mankind to save.

8 The death of death Thou, Lord, hast wrought,
To heaven’s kingdom Christians brought.
Thou sittest at the Father’s right,
One with Him in His glorious light.

9 Thou shalt be Judge and justice give
Of all the dead and all that live;
Therefore Thy servants help, Lord God,
Who are redeemèd by Thy blood.

10 Let us with saints a place possess
In everlasting blessedness!
Thy people save in every age,
O Lord, and bless Thine heritage.

11 Protect Thy church at every hour
And lift her up forevermore!
We worship Thee, Lord, day by day,
To Thee our thanks we ever pay.

12 Keep us this day, Lord, faithfully,
Without sin and iniquity;
Thy mercy, Lord, on us bestow,
Have mercy in all time of woe!

13 Thy mercy be upon us, Lord,
Thy Spirit’s help to us afford;
O Lord, we put our trust in Thee,
Let us confounded never be.

Translation © 2022 Matthew Carver.

GERMAN

Herr unser Gott dich loben wir!
O großer Gott, wir danken dir!
Dich Vater, Gott von Ewigkeit,
der Weltkreis ehret weit und breit!

2 All Engel und des Himmels Heer,
und was da dienet deiner Ehr,
die Cherubim und Seraphim
lobsingen stets mit froher Stimm:

3 Hochheilig ist der große Gott,
Jehovah, der Herr Zebaoth!
Ja heilig, heilig, heilig heißt
Jehovah, Vater, Sohn und Geist.

4 Dein göttlich Macht und Herrlichkeit
geht über Himm'l und Erde weit.
Der heiligen Apostel Zahl,
und die lieben Propheten all;

5 Die theuren Märt'rer allzumal
dich loben stets mit großem Schall.
Die ganze werthe Christenheit
rühmt dich auf Erden weit und breit.

6 Dich, Vater, Gott, im höchsten Thron,
und deinen eingebornen Sohn,
den heilgen Geist und Tröster werth,
mit gleichem Dienst sie lobt und ehrt.

7 Du höchster König, Jesu Christ,
des Vaters ewger Sohn du bist;
du wardst ein Mensch, der Herr ein Knecht,
zu retten das menschlich Geschlecht.

8 Du hast dem Tod zerstört sein macht,
zum Himmelreich die Christen bracht.
Du sitzst zur Rechten Gottes gleich
mit aller Ehr ins Vaters Reich.

9 Ein Richter du zukünftig bist
Alles, was tot und lebend ist.
Nun hilf uns, Herr, den Dienern dein,
die durch dein Blut erlöset sein!

10 Laß uns im Himmel haben Teil
mit den Heilgen am ewgen Heil!
Hilf deinem Volk, Herr Jesu Christ,
und segne was dein Erbteil ist!

11 Beschirm dein Kirch zu aller Zeit
erheb sie hoch in Ewigkeit!
Täglich, Herr Gott, wir loben dich,
und danken dir, Herr, stetiglich.

12 Behüt uns Herr, o treuer Gott,
vor aller Sünde und Missetat!
Sei gnädig uns, o Herre Gott!
Sei gnädig uns in aller Not!

13 Zeig uns deine Barmherzigkeit,
dein guter Geist uns stets begleit;
wir hoffen auf dich lieber Herr,
in Schanden laß uns nimmermehr.


28 May 2012

Erhalt uns, Herr, bei deinem Wort (welchs wir…)

Here is my translation of the hymn “Erhalt uns, Herr, bei deinem Wort (welchs wir bisher…)” (C. Spangenberg, 1577), which is the original Luther hymn of the same first line interpolated, exposited, and expanded to 24 stanzas. The hymn was printed with the title “A fine spiritual hymn, Erhalt uns… etc., with more explanation who the Pope and Turk are, viz., that they may not only be found in Rome and Constantinople, but that the abomination of desolation may be already recognized as standing in the holy place (Dan. 9; Matt. 24).” The first stanza has been stretched out to encompass nineteen, largely a defense of Original Sin against the heretics. Then the two deprecatory stanzas by J. Jonas are inserted, followed by the other two original stanzas to Christ and the Holy Spirit, and the Da pacem, Verleih uns Frieden, which in most places had become attached to Erhalt uns, Herr. Spangenberg wrote the interpolating stanzas during his exile. The tune is the proper, “Erhalt uns, Herr, bei deinem Wort.” Here it is in F. Layriz’ Kern… :


LORD, KEEP US steadfast in Thy Word
Which we until this day have heard
According to Thy Bible dear,
And Luther’s writings pure and clear.

2. Restrain the murd’rous Pope and Turk,
Who now and in all places work
With zealous craft and cunning rage,
To drive pure doctrine from the stage.

3. The Pope are all that learnèd fray
Who ever in our time purvey
False doctrines of their fallen sense,
And steal Christ’s praise and eminence.

4. The needfulness of works they teach,
Eternal blessedness to reach;
The freedom of the will they laud
With pow’r to turn itself to God.

5. Of fallen nature thus they would
Fain make a creature wise and good
As ’were not fallen, nor had been
By God abhorred as utter sin,

6. They say this nature good is still
And in its substance doth no ill,
But any evil that is done
Comes from its accident alone.

7. Now as the Pope, before His God,
Doth boast a nature all unflawed
And free from any stain of sin,
So do these worldly-learned men.

8. O Lord, the Antichrist behold,
Who with his mind and cunning bold
As fools a countless host hath caught,
And brings Thy needy Church to naught.

9. The Turk are all those lords of pow’r
Who fain by force would make us cow’r,
That we might not the truth proclaim,
Or else would drive us hence in shame.

10. For all those worldly rulers who
Wage war against Thy doctrine true
And fight the faithful teacher’s work,—
They are no better than the Turk.

11. Those mighty lords who thus afflict
Thy servants, and from home evict,
And would reform the Holy Ghost,
To render service to their host,—

12. These lords will not allow it said
The human nature’s poisoned, dead,
Though Scripture says man’s being whole,
Words, will, and deeds with sin are full.

13. Just as the erring Turk would claim,
God made him free from sin and shame,
They in creation take more pride
Than in the Lord, the Crucified.

14. A pow’r of nature thus they own,
And rob the pow’r of faith alone,
Nor will ascribe to utter grace
The pow’r to stand before Thy face.

15. They say, If nature bore such stain,
It never could salvation gain,
And thus they teach that nature pure
Must be, salvation to ensure.

16. They fain would tear from off His throne
Christ Jesus, Thy belovèd Son,
And put their nature in His stead,
As if a creature purely bred.

17. For they a mighty barrier place
Between performed unrighteousness
And human nature since the Fall:
No sin, they say, it bears at all.

18. And any who denounce their dream,
They will not hear him, nor esteem,
But rather charge with heresy
And exile from the ministry.

19. Oh, be not silent, Lord, but see,
And render judgment speedily
On those who still Thy truth oppose;
Spare not, O Lord, Thy hardened foes:

20.  Destroy their counsels, Lord our God,
And smite them with an iron rod,
And let them fall into the snare
Which for Thy Christians they prepare.

21.  So that at last they may perceive
That, Lord our God, Thou still dost live,
And dost deliver mightily
All those who put their trust in Thee.

22.  Lord Jesus Christ, Thy pow’r make known,
For Thou art Lord of Lords alone;
Shield Thy poor Christendom, that we
May evermore sing praise to Thee.

23.  Thou Comforter of priceless worth,
Give one mind to Thy flock on earth,
Stand by us in our final strife,
And lead us out of death to life.

24. Grant us Thy peace in mercy, Lord
Peace in our time assure us,
None other could our help afford,
None other could fight for us,
But Thou, O our God, Thou only.

Translation sts. 1–19, 24.  © 2011, 2012 Matthew Carver.

GERMAN
1. Erhalt uns Herr, bei deinem Wort,
welchs wir bisher haben gehort
fein nach der lieben Bibel dein
und aus Lutheri Schriften rein.

2. Und steur des Bapst und Türken Mord,
die sich itzund an allem Ort
bemühen hart und wüten sehr,
zu tilgen ganz die reine Lehr.

3. Der Bapst alle Gelehrten sind
die jetzund treiben so geschwind
nach ihr Vernunft solch falsche Lehr,
die Christo nicht gib alle Ehr:

4. Als von der Werke Nötigkeit
zu der ewigen Seligkeit
und von des freien Willen Kraft,
so auch was in Bekehrung schafft;

5. Und die unser verderbt Natur
machen zur guten Kreatur,
sie nach dem Fall nicht lassen sein
für Gott nur eitel Sünd allein,

6. Sprechn, an ihr selbst sei es noch gut
 und von ihr selbst nicht böses tut,
was aber bös von ihr gescheh
solchs aus dem Accidens hergeh

7. Gleichwie der Bapst in der Natur
will etwas haben gut und pur,
das an ihm selbst sei keine Sünd,
also auch diese Leute tünd.

8. Sich, Herr, das ist der Antichrist,
der mit Vernunft und falscher List
viel unachtsamer Leut betört
und deine arme Kirch zerstört.

9. Der Türk das sind die grossen Herrn,
die mit Gewalt uns wollen wehrn,
daß wir die Wahrheit nicht solln sagn,
oder wolln uns zum Land ausjagn.

10. Denn alle weltlich Obrigkeit
so widerstrebt deiner Wahrheit
und werden rechten Lehrern feind
nicht besser denn die Türken seind.

11. Die grossen Herrn, die also plagn
dein treue Knecht und sie verjagn,
dein Heilgen Geist auch reformiern,
den grossen Haufen zu hofiern,

12. Wolln nicht, daß man soll nennen Gift
menschlich Natur, da doch die Schrift
unter die Sünd beschlossen hat
menschlichs Wesen, Wort, Willn und Tat.

13. Gleichwie der Türk sich rühmen tut,
Gott habe ihn geschaffen gut,
also die Schöpfung jetzt mehr gilt
denn Christi Blutvergießen mild.

14. Weil denn Natur soll auch was sein,
so tuts je nicht der Glaub allein,
auch muß nicht lauter Gnade sein,
daß wir für dir sind gut und rein.

15. Sie sprechen, wenn Natur wär Sünd,
gar nicht sie selig werden könnt,
also lehrn sie ein Nötigkeit
guter Natur zur Seligkeit.

16. Und Jesum Christum deinen Sohn
stürzen sie stracks von seinem THron,
an sein statt setzen ihr Natur
als eine gute Kreatur.

17. Denn sie machen ein Unterschied
zwischen der Ungerechtigkeit
und ihr Natur auch nach dem Fall,
die an ihr selbst nicht Sünd sein soll.

18. Und wer solchem Schwarm widerspricht,
den will man hörn und sehen nicht,
muß ein Ketzer sein und verdammt,
wird auch entsetzet von dem Amt.

19. Hierzu wollstu, Herr, schweigen nicht,
sondern üben Rach und Gericht
wider die Feind der Wahrheit dein;
laß sie, Herr, nicht unschuldig sein.

20. Ihr Anschläg, Herr, zu nichte mach,
laß sie treffen die böse Sach,
und stürz sie in die Grub hinein,
die sie machen den Christen dein.

21. So werden sie erkennen doch,
daß du, unser Gott, lebest noch
und hilfst gewaltig deiner Schar,
die sich auf dich verlassen gar.

22. Beweis dein Macht, Herr Jesu Christ,
der du Herr aller Herren bist,
beschirm dein arme Christenheit,
daß sie dich lob in Ewigkeit.

23. Gott, Heilger Geist, du Tröster werth,
gib deim Volk einrlei Sinn auf Erd,
steh bei uns in der letzten Not,
gleit unsins Leben aus dem Tod.

24. Verleih uns Frieden gnädiglich,
Herr Gott, zu unsern Zeiten,
es ist doch ja kein ander nicht,
der für uns könnte streiten,
denn du, unser Gott, alleine.

11 October 2011

Nun treiben wir den Bapst hinaus

Here is my translation of “Nun treiben wir den Bapst hinaus” (Luther,* 1541), probably first created by Luther, or at least printed with his permission and approval, as a parody of the folksong “Nun treiben wir den Winter aus.” Straßburg appoints this for Laetare Sunday (i.e., Midfast), when effigies of death (or men dressed up so) used to be driven out of town and village, here being replaced with effigies of the Pope. The melodies appointed are “Jesus hat heut vom Vater herab” and “Erhalt uns, Herr, bei deinem Wort,” obviously meaning in addition to the original folk tune named above.





NOW DRIVE we out the Pope and purge

The house of God and Christian Church
Where murd’rously he hath held sway
And countless souls hath led astray.

2. Thou damnèd son, away, begone!
Thou crimson bride of Babylon,
Abomination, Antichrist,
All full of murder, craft and lies!

3. Indulgences, decretals, bulls,
Now sealed up, cannot harm our souls:
By which thou robbedst all the world
And Jesus’ blood to shame was hurled.

4. Rome’s idol now is off his throne,
The true Pope now in faith we own:
It is God’s Son and Christ, our Rock,
On which is built His Church and flock.

5. He is our High and gracious Priest;
Upon the Cross, our offered Feast,
He for our sin poured out His blood,
Indulgence true from His wounds flowed,

6. He rules His Church by His true Word
The Father pow’r on Him conferred;
The Church’s Head and King is He:
To Him be praise eternally.

7. The pleasant Summer now is come,
Christ, fill with peace Thy Christendom,
Give us, O Lord, a blessed year,
From pope and Turk defend us e’er. Amen.

Translation © Matthew Carver, 2011.

GERMAN
1. Nun treiben wir den Bapst hinaus
Aus Christi Kirch und Gottes Haus,
darinn er mördlich hat regiert,
unzählich viel Seeln verführt.

2. Troll dich aus, du verdammter Sohn,
du rote Braut von Babylon,
du bist der Greul und Antichrist,
voll Lügens, Mords, und arge List.

3. Dein Ablaßbrief, Bull und Decret
liegt nun versiegelt im Sekret,
damit stahlstu der Welt ihr Gut,
und schändst dadurch auch Christi Blut.

4. Der Römisch Götz ist ausgethan,
den rechten Bapst wir nehmen an,
das ist Gotts Sohn, der Fels und Christ,
auf dem sein Kirch erbauet ist.

5. Er ist der höchste Priester zart,
vom Kreuz er aufgeopfert ward,
Sein Blut für unser Sünd vergoß,
recht Ablaß aus sein Wunden floß.

6. Sein Kirch er durch sein Wort regiert,
Gott Vater selbst ihn investiert,
er ist das Haupt der Christenheit,
dem sei Lob, Preis in Ewigkeit.

7. Es geht ein frischer Sommr herzu,
verleih uns, Christus, Fried und Ruh,
bescheer uns, Herr, ein seligs Jahr,
vorm Bapst und Türken uns bewahr. Amen.

03 May 2010

Es was einmal ein reicher Mann

Here is my translation of the hymn “Es was (or: war) einmal ein reicher Mann” (Anon., 1545, asc. Magdalena Heymair, though she would have been only about 10 when it was first published), to be distinguished from Herman’s hymn of the same name (including the dialectal “was” for war) in 20 stanzas of 4 lines each, which may have served as the model, given certain other similarities. Our hymn is most well known from its inclusion in Babst (1545), which is supposed to be its first appearance. Regarding the melody here from Zahn’s transcription, note that the eighth note pairs should be tied or taken together as single quarter notes because of regularized line-length.

 
Mel.: Es war einmal ein reicher Mann


THERE was a rich and wealthy man
In silk arrayed by yard and span,
Whose life on earth was heaven;
Great glory was his heart’s desire
Rich clothes, his body’s soft attire—
To these his cares were given;
All beauteous was that house of his,
He thought, he naught would ever miss,
And so he lived in constant bliss

2. His wife and child were plump and well
Of joy and gladness had their fill,
And knew of no affliction;
His servants likewise were content,
And each to gorge his belly bent,
In bliss without restriction;
And all the scraps, by tons and pounds,
Thy threw away to fattened hounds
And strolled their house’s pleasant grounds.

3. Meanwhile a wretched beggar lay
Before his door, and cried each day,
And Lazarus they called him.
His flesh with wounds was covered o’er,
He suffered pain and anguish sore,
And no one mercy showed him.
To mighty God he did address
His humble pray’r in his distress,
That death might be his true redress.

4. This servant of his God, nigh dead,
Sought nothing but a crust of bread,
A crumb from people passing,
They gave him neither crust nor core
The dogs all licked each fest’ring sore,
In swarms around him massing.
But hunger, thirst, and agony
Had taught this man his proper plea:
“Look down, O God, from heav’n and see!”

5. The beggar soon fell fast asleep
In blessed death, and slumb’ring deep
Was by the angels taken;
To Abr’ham’s bosom him they sped
Where he in rest and gladness did
Among God’s children waken;
His woes and pain were gone away
He dwelt beyond in endless day,
His joy no man might ever say.

6. The rich man also met his end,
With sighs and groans he had to wend
And from his riches sever.
His body was in earth confined,
And he to flames of hell consigned
And there must burn forever.
Alas, how soon the tables turned,
His pride, how soon to ashes burned,
Snuffed out, the stuff that he had earned!

7. And as amid the pain he lies,
He lifteth up his burning eyes,
And Abr’ham high perceiveth,
And in that lap doth Laz’rus see,
While he himself in agony
Of God’s right judgment grieveth;
And saith, “My father Abraham
Ah, woe is me, that here I am!
Have mercy on me, by the Lamb!”

8. “Send Lazarus with water pure
That he may share thy liquid cure
My parchèd tongue to moisten.
Yea, let him with his finger bring
One drop of dew to cool my sting,
For I am hotly chastened,
And tortured so in scourge and shame,
Around me lash such tongues of flame.
Have mercy, in God’s holy name!”

9. Said Abraham, “Thy days of weal,
And worldly joy which thou didst feel,
In mind and heart remember,
And Laz’rus, too, and all his pain;
Wherefore great joy is now his gain,
And thine, but fiery ember.
And such a chasm deep and wide
Doth also us and thee divide,
Such fate the Lord hath ratified.”

10. “I pray thee, then,” the rich man cried,
“O father Abraham, let ride
This Laz’rus to my father,
For there I have five brothers still,
Who live in pride and selfish will,
Whom not a grief doth bother:
So let them all be taught with care,
Lest they as well should hither fare,
And bear this pain that now I bear.

11. “They have the law before their eye;
The prophets, too, in rich supply.
So let thy brothers heed them!”
“Oh, nay, O faithful Abraham,
But if one from death’s country came,
Then he to faith would lead them!
They would repent without alloy,
And long for that eternal joy,
Lest they should come to hell’s annoy!”

12. “If Moses they will not esteem
And prophets’ doctrines count a dream,
And rob themselves of gladness,
Far more would they but wag their head
At fearsome warnings of the dead,
And think it utter madness.”
Thus Abraham his answer made,
And there in hell the rich man stayed,
Enduring pains that never fade.

13. O Christian people, then, take heed,
And mark this age of per’lous need,
Of which Christ here is warning;
For if the world seek not God’s will,
With which He doth the Scriptures fill,
We must our fate be mourning.
So learn His Word both well and right,
And keep His statutes e’er in sight,
In Holy Scripture shining bright.

14. Let those who would be rich fear God
And help the poor to bear their load,
Extolling their Creator.
And let those who endure distress
In patience rue their sinfulness,
Confessing to their Maker.
Let each the other’s burden bear,
That God his soul from hell may spare
Upon the Last Day’s dawning glare.

15. Ye know that God hath only giv’n
The time this side of hell and heav’n,
Eternal wealth to gather.
So hasten now to get such wealth
While shines this day of grace and health
Bestowed by God the Father.
The mocker must forgo his prize,
Yea, he in gravest peril lies
Who Scripture’s teaching doth despise.

16. The rich man of whom Christ hath told
Was made to trade his wealth and gold
For judgment’s grievous sentence.
His riches could no help avail,
So let us heed this holy tale,
And live in true repentance.
All glory, praise and worship be
O mighty Jesus Christ, to Thee,
Who art our Savior verily!

17. God’s Word is not a jest or lie,
Amen let every Christian cry
In honor of Christ’s merit.
He hath shown us His gracious name
In one God, evermore the same,
The Father, Son, and Spirit;
So serve Him truly night and day!
O God, our Maker, Thee we pray,
Forever be our Help and Stay!

Translation © Matthew Carver, 2010.

GERMAN

1. Es was einmal ein reicher Mann,
mit Sammet und Seiden angethan,
er führet ein zärtlichs Leben,
sein Herz das strebt nach großer Ehr,
sein Leib ziert und mestet er,
ließ ihm das beste geben;
Gar köstlich was erbaut sein Haus,
er meinet, er wollt gar nimmer draus,
darum lebt er allzeit im Saus.

2. Sein Weib und Kind vorstund wohl,
die waren Freud und Wollust voll,
sie wüsten um kein Leiden;
sein Gesind desgleichen hät genug,
ein vollen Kropf ein jedes trug,
sie lebten nur in Freuden;
Ja, was nicht mocht inihren Mund,
das gaben sie den Haufen Hund,
also trieben sie es alle Stund.

3. Dargegen dort ein Bettler lag
fürs Reichen Thür mit großer Klag,
hieß Lazarus der arme,
sein Leib was voll Ais und Geschwehr,
groß Angst und Schmerzen duldet er,
sein wollt sich niemands erbarmen.
Er klagte hart sein große Noth,
und wenn nur wollte der ewig Gott,
wer sein Gewinn der zeitlich Tod.

4. Der arme Gottes Diener werd,
begehrt allein die Rindlein härt,
die Bröcklein bei den Füssen,
noch wollts ihm niemands bringen her,
die Hunde leckten ihm sein Geschwehr
und ließen sichs nicht verdrießen.
Der Hunger, Durst, und schwere Pein
lerent ihn hinauf gen Himmel schreien:
Mein Gott, sprach er, sich schier darein!

5. Nicht lang, entschlief der Bettler lind,
er ward gleich einem Gottes Kind
von heiligen Engeln genommen,
sie führeten ihn in Abrahams Schoß,
do het er Ruh und Freude groß
bei allen Gottes frommen;
Ein Ende het all sein Weh und Klag,
dort schwebt er in dem ewigen Tag,
die Freude niemands aussprechen mag.

6. Es starb do auch der reiche Mann,
mit Ach und Wehe mußt er davon,
nur eilend bald von hinnen;
er ward begraben in die Erd,
ihm ward das hellisch Feuer beschert,
da mußt er braten und brinnen.
O wehe, wie bald het sich vorkehrt
sein stolzer Pracht, den er auf Erd
mit großer Hoffart het verzehrt!

7. Und als er war in schwerer Pein,
da hub er auf die Augen sein,
sach Abraham von ferne
und Lazarum in seiner Schoß,
er aber leid jetzund Marter groß,
die Straf des gewaltigen HErren.
Er sprach: mein Vater Abraham,
wehe mir, das ich je daher kam!
erbarm dich mein, du Gottes Sohn!

8. Schick mit eim Wasser Lazarum,
das er zu mir eilends komm,
und frische mir da mein Zungen,
ja, nur ein Tropf vom Finger sein
erkühl mein Herz in dieser Pein
denn ich werde hart gedrungen,
darzu gepeinigt in der Flamm,
das Feuer schlecht über mich zusamm,
erbarm dich mein durch Gottes Nam.

9. Gedenk, mein Sohn, der guten Zeit,
die du gehabt hast und weltlich Freud,
sprach Abraham zum reichen.
Und Lazarus lied schwere Pein,
darum soll er in Freuden sein,
gepeinigt du der gleichen;
Darzu ein Grabe tief und breit
ist zwischen uns und euch bereit,
das jeder gewahrt von Gott sein bescheid.

10. So bitt ich, Vater Abraham,
schick Lazarum in meinen nahm
in meines Vaters Hause:
Fünf Brüder hab ich dorte noch,
die selben die sein gar frech, stolz und roch,
sie leben nur in Freuden.
Damit ihn angezeiget werd,
das sie nicht kommen auch daher,
samt mir gepeiniget werden sehr.

11. Sie haben Mosen allegleich,
dazu die Propheten all reich,
die selben laß sie hören.
O nein, du frommer Abraham,
wenn einer aus den Toten köm,
sie würden sich bekehren.
Sie würden haben Reu und Leid
und trachten nach der ewigen Freud,
daß sie nicht kommen in das Leid.

12. So sie den Moses schatzen gering,
Propheten Lehr für lose Ding,
sich selbs ihrer Freude berauben,
sie würden noch viel spotten mehr
eines Toten Menschen schrecklich sehr,
darzu gar nichts gläuben.
Also beschloß Abraham schnell;
der reiche bleib dort in der Hell,
da leidt er ewig Pein und Quäl.

13. Nu merket wahr, ihr Christenleut,
nehmt fleißig der gefährlichen Zeit,
die Christus uns hie bedeutet,
So diese Welt folget Gottes Rath,
so er die Schrfit gegeben hat,
sonst werdet ihr ausgereutet
Erfahret die Schrift gar recht und wohl,
was man thun und lassen soll;
das ist ganz heilig Schrift voll.

14. Wer reich will sein, stehe in Gottes Furcht,
thu guts den Armen auch dadurch,
wisse, daß er ist ein Schaffer
Wer nöthig ist, der hab Geduld,
gedenk, daß ers hab wohl verschuldt
um Gott, den ewigen Schöpfer.
Ein andern Bürd ein jeder trag,
damit er mag am größten Tag
entrinnen Gottes Straf und Plag.

15. Ihr wisset, daß Gott nach dieser Zeit
keim Menschen weiter Frist geit,
das ewige Reich zu erbeiten.
Derhalben versaumts nicht jetzund,
dieweil noch ist der Gnaden Stund,
das ewig Reich zu erwerben.
das Gespötte wird nicht gelten mehr,
verflucht, verdammt sei ewig der,
der da veracht die Gottes Lehr.

16. Der reiche, von dem hie Christus meldt,
was hätt er geben für Gold und Geld,
hätt er mögen ledig werden.
Es half ihn aber nichtes mehr
das sei uns allen ein starcke Lehr,
das wir Buß thun auf Erden.
Lob, Ehr und Preis zu dieser Frist
sei dir, du starker Jesu Christ,
daß du ein rechter Helfer bist.

17. Amen, schreit aller gläubigen Herz,
denn Gottes Wort ist nicht ein Scherz,
die Wohlthat Christi zu erkennen.
Er hat sein Gesellschaft schon beweist
mit Vater, Sohn, und heilgem Geist,
ein Gott, drei Namen genennet.
Dem dienet fleißig Tag und Nacht!
O Gott, der du uns hast erschafft,
halt uns in Hut, sei drauf bedacht! Amen.

05 October 2009

Grates nunc omnes

Here is my translation of the old Latin sequence for Christmas midnight mass, "Grates nunc omnes reddamus," (which has an old traditional German version that served as the basis for Luther's "Gelobet seist du, Jesu Christ." It has an expanded form, though that form may not have been used in German churches (Luther commends its retaining, and calls it a short sequence). Here is a list of early paraphrases, in Danish, with parenthetical references to the agents referred to in the first stanza (some say "Who by His word…and His birth…" or "by His blood" or "by His death").

There is some mention of antiphonal singing and repititions of the part beginning "Huic oportet…" which may refer to this longer form. Stanzas of Latin alternated with the German hymnic version, as is done for the sequence of the high feast of Easter, Victimae paschali, with which "Christ ist erstanden" was song responsively. Here is a translation of Bäumker's comments:
Wackernagel wrongly classifies the Christmas sequence “Grates nunc omnes” among the songs of St. Gregory I. This great bishop may have composed hymns, but no sequences.
Schubiger (Sängerschule, p. 52) gives the song from the St. Gallen codex (1507) with the title “Auctore incognito.” [Author unknown]. According to the aforesaid Ordinarium for the church in Schwerin (1519), it was performed thus: a few singers first intoned the sequence, i.e., sang the first part three times up to the word “potestate.” Then the choir, kneeling, continued with “Huic oportet,” etc. At this, the congregation thrice sang “All Praise to Thee, O Jesus Christ.” This German hymn is thus closely related with the sequence; even certain melodic passages share similarities. In the Andernach Hymnal of 1608, the 3-stanza hymn “All Praise to Thee, O Jesus Christ” concludes each time with the final words of the sequence: “Gloria in excelsis (Deo).” In this hymnal, the greatest similarities with the sequence’s contents are found in the second stanza:

“All praise to Thee, O Virgin mild,
Through whom Christ became a child,
Us wretched sinners to sustain
That through Him we might freedom gain.
So let us now sing gloria in excelsis Deo.”



The melody given below shows the parts for the regular stanzas (a), and the refrain or final, shorter stanza (b). A normal use is shown entirely in the notation, using stanza 1a and 4, probably also with an Alleluia in the proper mode. The original Gregorian notation is followed by my setting into modern notation.


1a. Thanks let us render
All to the Lord God, our Master,
Who by His chaste incarnation
Hath redeemed and released us from the devil’s
Domination

(1b. Thanks let us render
All to the Father eternal,
Who by His faithful devotion
Hath brought the world by His virginal mother
Full salvation.

2a. Thanks let us render
All to the Most Holy Fire-
Who by His great lovingkindness
Hath purified us of our idol-worship
And our blindness.

2b. Thanks let us render
All to our God, one in substance
And three of person forever,
Kindest Redeemer, our gracious and gentle
Lord and Savior.

3a. Thanks let us render
All to the virginal mother,
By whose most fertile submission
Redemption’s Author in very Godhead
Came to fruition.

3b. Thanks ever render
All the angelic dominions
And all the virtues celestial
To the Almighty, who saved and rescued
Mankind terrestrial.)

Refrain
4. Thus it behooves us
To sing to Him
With the angels forever:
"Glory in the highest."

Translation © Matthew Carver, 2009.

GERMAN TRANSLATIONS
Dank sagen wir alle Gott, unserm Herrn Christo,
Der uns mit seiner Geburt hat erleuchtet,
Und uns erlöset mit seinem Blute von des Teufels Gewalt.
Den solln wir alle
Mit seinen Engeln loben mit Schalle,
Singen: Preis sey Gott in den Höchsten!


LATIN
1. Grates nunc omnes
reddamus Domino Deo,
qui sua nativitate
nos liberavit
de diabolica
potestate.

1b. Grates nunc omnes
reddamus aeterno patri,
pro sua qui pietate
mundo salutem
de matris contulit
puritate.

2a. Grates nunc omnes
reddamus flamini sancto,
pro sua quod bonitate
mundum lustravit
ab idolatrica
vanitate.

2b. Grates nunc omnes
reddamus simplici Deo
et trino liberatori
clementissimo
nostroque benigno
salvatori.

3a. Grates nunc omnes
reddamus virgini matri,
de cujus fecunditate
auctor salutis
cum vera prodiit
deitate.

3b. Grates nunc reddant
angelicae potestates
et coelestium virtutes
omnipotenti
pro liveratis at-
que salvatis.

4. Huic oportet,
ut canamus
cum angelis semper:
gloria in excelsis.